Wood-grinding machine for paper-pulp



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

T. H. SAVERY.

WOOD GRINDING MACHINE FOR PAPER PULP.

Patented May 4,1886.

No. 341,172. I

INVENTOB.

N. 1 mins Fhulouflwgnphen Waduingmn, n. c,

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet '2.

T. H. SAVERY.

, WOOD GRINDING MACHINE FOR PAPER PULP.

No. 341,172. Patented May 4, 1886.

WITNESSES:

N, Pzrsns, Manama". Wauhinglnn. u. c.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

T. H. SAVERY.

WOOD GRINDING MAGHINE FOR PAPER PULP- No. 341,172. Patented May 4, 1886.

INVBNTOR UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS H. SAVERY, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE.

wooo-eamome MACHINE roe PAPER-PULP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 341,172, dated May 4, 1886.

Application filed February 3 1886. Serial No. 190,677. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, THOMAS H. SAVERY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Wilmington, in the county of New Castle and other article to be ground forward against the grindstone, and to this end I make use of one or more hydraulic plungers, fitted within, practically filling and protruding from the open lower ends of open ended cylinders or cylinders, which are devoid of a lower head and stuffingbox of the character usual with cylinders containing pistons and piston-rods, controlled as to their advance by hydraulic or other pressure, and actuated as to their retraction by suction, exhaustion, or vacuum formation.

Apparatus embodying a good form of my improvements is represented in the accompanying drawings and described in this specification, the particular subject-matter claimed as novel being hereinafter definitely specified. In the drawings, Figure l is a view in side elevation of an apparatus of such general organization as I find it convenient to employ. Fig. 2 is a similar View of an appropriate arrangement of pipe and valve connections for application between the plunger-cylinders and the pump or motor. Fig. 3 is a central vertical transverse sectional elevation through one of the cylinders and its supporting-frame, in the plane of the dotted line a: a: of Fig. 1, and sight being taken in the direction of the arrows upon said line, the plunger being represented in elevation. Fig. 4 is a plan of the devices represented in Fig. 3, section being supposed through the cylinder and plunger in the plane of the dotted line 3 y of Fig. 3, and sight being taken in the direction of the arrows upon said line. Fig. 5 is a central secboXes to prevent leakage.

tional elevatioual detail through a form of striding-box which I find it convenient to apply to the cylinders. Fig. 6 is a side sec tional detail of oneof the chambers or casings for containing the wood to be ground; and Fig. 7 a top sectional plan through the same, showing a convenient means of attachment to the side frames.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre; sponding parts. 7

In the drawings, A A are pedestals or pillow-blocks, which support two parallel verticaLside frames, B, between which is housed for revolution in a vertical plane a grindstone, 0, or equivalent device, the periphery of which is adapted to act upon the blocks of wood to be ground.

In the drawings, the side frames are of quad rantal shape, being in eli'ect sectors of ninety degrees, (90,) and the apparatus is shown as provided with five radially-disposed plungers. It is, however, to be understood that this form of framing is simply one of convenience, as is also the ai rangement of the cylinders, and that both maybe varied at will, while a greater or a'less number of plungers in any desired disposition may be employed. So far as the side frames or framing proper is concerned, it is simply employed to support in a suitable position, with reference to the grindstone, any desired number of cylinders and plungers. Bridging the periphery of the said two parallel side frames are a series of crossframes, D,

which support cylinders E, for containing the plunger-s F.

The cylinders are devoid of heads at their lower extremity, and formed as open ended chambers or casings, and are provided with inlet-ports c and outlet-ports e but have no other openings, and they are in any preferred manner provided with stuffing- A good form of these stuffing-boxes is illustrated in Fig. 5. The main stuffing-box g, the main gland of which is lettered G, is made tight by means of abrass gland, 9, held by screws 9*, and a square gum packing, applied, as shown, to said main gland G. The said main gland G is also, as to its outer throat, provided wit-h a conical chamber for containing a series of leather packing-rings, which surround the plunger F, and make tight contact therewith under the pressure of a supplemental gland, y, controlled by adjusting-screws g, as shown. The plungers F are preferably eylindriform, are devoid of openings or perforations, and are each at the lower extremity, or that which protrudes or projects beyond the stuffing-box of the containing-0y]inder, preferably provided with a head-block, follower, or other kindred device, H, which presses against the wooden block or blocks J or other substance to be ground. The blocks to be ground are preferably contained, as is usual, in a casing or chamber, Q, supported conveniently by flanges q, connected with the side frames or otherwise, as convenience of construction may dictate. These casings may in any prepared manner be made adjustable toward the grindstone.

I are guide-rods parallel with the plunger, connected with its head block, extending through bearings d, Fig. 3, in the cross-head, and capped or surmounted with balls or stops 1', which, in the descent of the plunger and head-block, encounter the cross-frame and effectuate the arrest of the plunger before it is forced entirely from out the cylinder. The balls or stops upon the guide-rods serve as indicators or tell-tales to announce the degree of protrusion of the cylinders, and consequently the amount of unconsumed material remaining in the casings. Such being a c011- venient arrangement of the cylinders and plungers, the problem of occasioning the advance of a single plunger or the simultaneous advance of a series of plungers, so as to force the blocks of wood J against the grindstone and of subsequently causing the return, retraction, or recession of the plungers, is accomplished conveniently in the following manner, and I describe the arrangement in connection with but a single cylinder, it being understood, however, that the arrangement can readily, by suitable additional pipe-connections, be made operative in connection with a series of cylinders.

K is a pump or pumps of any preferred character, adapted, in the present instance, to suck water from a well, L.

M is a force-pipe from the pump or pumps, communicating with the inlet-port c of the cylinder near the upper extremity of the latter. It is provided with what I term an inlet-valve, m, and also with an automatic three-way valve, m controlled by a safetyvalve, m and adapted, when the inlet-valve is closed, to operate automatically to direct water forced through the force-pipe back through a drip or escape pipe, N, to the well.

P is What I term a suctionpipe, communicating with the pump and wit-h the out let-port e near the lower portion of the cylinder. This suction-pipe is provided with an outlet-valve, p, and has a branch, 12*, extending into the well, and provided with a footvalve, 19 of usual construction, and which, if desired, may be so arranged as to be loaded to any desired pressure, so that a vacuum sufficient to raise the plungers may at all times be maintained in the suctionpipes.

Such being a description of a good form of pipe-connection between any suitable suction and force pump or pumps and a single cylinder, its operation will be readily understood. Assume the plunger at the top of its stroke, the outlet-valve 1) closed, and the inlet-valve m opened. The pump being set in action, water sucked through the foot-valve p of the branch p of the suction-pipe P will be forced through the force-pipe M to above the plunger in the cylinder, and will, under the continued action of the pump, occasion the constant descent of the plunger until the wood which the said plunger has acted upon is completely ground away. The limit of the normal downward movement of the plunger will have been reached when the stopsi have encountered the cross-frame D. So soon as this has taken place the plunger is elevated as follows: The inlet-valve m is closed, and the outlet-valve 9 opened. The pump, continuingits action,will first suck all the water out of the cylinder, so as to occasion a vacuum therein, as a result of which the atmospheric pressure will occasion the driving of the plunger back into its cylinder, and the water thus taken from the cylinder will have been returned to the well through valve m and pipe N. As soon as the plunger has been elevated, if the inlet-valve m is allowed to remain closed,the pump, through the foot-valve, which is set to act at a given pressure, will suck water from the well and force it through the force-pipe against the closed inlet-valve m, so as to occasion the antomatic action of the safety-valve m and open ing of the three-way valve mflto give the lead to the overflow through the escape or overflow pipe N back into the well. The operation is to be repeated as frequently as new blocks of wood are introduced.

Such being a description of the operation of the pump and attachments in connection with a single cylinder and plunger, it will be readily understood that the same operation may be conducted with a series of cylinders and plungers by extending the inlet-pipe M-as, for instance, in the manner shown in Fig. 1-to communicate with allof the said cylinders, andin like manner extending the suction pipe P to similarly communicate therewith. It is of course obvious that the prccisearrangement of pipes represented in Fig. 2 and herein described may be departed from and materially modified, and that air, steam, oil, or otherliqaid or fluid may be substituted for the water without prejudice to my invention, the gist of which resides in the provision,in a wood-grinding machine, of one or more open-ended cylinders, chambers, or casings which are devoid of lower cylinder-heads containing plungers strictly as such,in contradistinction from pistons and piston-rods which are caused to ad vance by direct pressure, and to retreat within their cylinders by suction or exhaustion. It

may be proper also to state that the form and arrangement of the cylinders themselves, the framing which supports them,the head-blocks, and the grindstone may all be materially modified without departure from the invention,and that the head-blocks'may even be omitted.

I am aware that I am not the first to employ a cylinder containing a piston the piston-rod of which is provided with a cross-head orother device for pressing against the material to be ground, which passes throughastufiing-boxin the lower head of the cylinder, and which is actuated by pressure and by suction or exhaustion, and to such a device broadlyI layno claim, asthe chambers which I employ and des ignate as cylinders are open-ended attheir lower ends, and devoid of a packinghox for a piston-rod adapted to pass through them, and as the plungers which I employ are plungers strictly as such, which practically fill their cylinders and are packed with respect to the walls of said cylinders, and not with respect to a stuffing-box in any head thereof, the said plungers being able to resist the lateral thrust which is necessarily brought to bear upon a piston-rod in a device of this character, and being, moreover, mechanically different contrivances.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In a wood-grinding machine, the combination of a grindstone or kindred grinding device, a cylinder suitably supported with reference to said grindstone, a plunger operating within said cylinder, adapted to be protruded from one end thereof, and adapted as to its protruded end to act against wood or other material to be ground, suitable means for supplying water, gas, steam, or other motive fluid or liquid to within the cylinder, so as to occasion by pressure the protrusion of the plunger therefrom, and means for exhausting the cylinder, so as to occasion the return of the plunger therein by suction, exhaustion, or vacuum formation, substantially as set forth.

2. In a wood-grinding machine, the combination of a grindstone or kindred grinding device, a cylinder suitably supported with reference to said grindstone, a plunger operating within said cylinder, adapted to be protruded from one end thereof, and adapted as to its protruded end to act against wood or other material to be ground, an inlet or force pipe co mmunicating with the cylinder, an outlet or suction pipe also communicating with said cylinder, and a pump or pumps operating in connection with both the force-pipe and the outlet-pipe to both force water, gas, steam, or

and to exhaust the same therefrom, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a wood-grinding machine, the combination of a grindstone or kindred grinding device, a cylinder suitably supported with reference to said grindstone, a plunger operating within said cylinder, adapted to be protruded from one end thereof, and adapted as to its protruded end to act against wood or other material to be ground, and a stop mech anism consisting of guide-rods provided with stops or balls which are connected with a head block or follower, and which pass through bearings in the framing for limiting the protrusion of the plunger, substantially as set forth.

4. In a wood-grinding machine, the combination of a grindstone or kindred grinding device, a cylinder suitably supported with reference to said grindstone, a plunger operating within said cylinder, adapted to be protruded from one end thereof, and adapted as to its protruded end to act against wood or other material to be ground, an inlet or force pipe provided with an inlet-valve and communicating with the cylinder, an outlet orsuction pipe provided with an outlet-valve, and also communicating with said cylinder, and a pump or pumps operating in connection with both the force-pipe and the outlet-pipeto both force water, gas, steam, or other motive fluid or liquid into the cylinder and to exhaust the same therefrom, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. In a wood-grinding machine, the combi nation of a grindstone or kindred grinding device, a cylinder suitably supported with reference to said grindstone, a plunger operating within said cylinder, adapted to be protruded from one end thereof, and adapted as to its protruded end to act against wood or other material to be ground, an inlet or force pipe communicating with the cylinder and provided both with an inlet-valve and with an automatic safety valve communicating with a drip or escape pipe, an outlet or suction pipe communicating with the cylinder and ICC IIO 

